SAP ABAP Interview Article 2
What are the system fields?
Explain?
Ans. The
ABAP system fields are active in all ABAP programs. They are filled by the
runtime environment, and you can query their values in a program to find out
particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not
assign your own values to them, since this may overwrite information that is
important for the normal running of the program. However, there are some
isolated cases in which you may need to overwrite a system variable. For
example, by assigning a new value to the field SY-LSIND, you can control
navigation within details lists.
What is SAP Script? What is the
purpose of SAP Script? Difference between SAP Script and Report?
Ans SAP
Script – It is the integrated text management system of the SAP R/3 System. Two
types – PC Editor & Line Editor.
Reports
- It is the way to display data fetched from database table onto screen
or directly output it to a printer. Two types – Classical and Interactive.
What is
the use of occurs in internal table? Can u change occurs value in program?
Ans Use of
Occurs - If you use the OCCURS parameter, the value of the INITIAL SIZE of the
table is returned to the variable <n>
Data : Begin of ITAB occurs 0,
End of ITAB.
Occurs or
Initial Size – to specify the initial amount of memory that should be assigned
to the table.
Yes, we can change the occurs value in program but output remains the same.
Difference between SY-TABIX and
SY-INDEX? Where it is used? Can u check SY-SUBRC after perform?
Ans SY-TABIX
- Current line of an internal table. SY-TABIX is set by the statements below,
but only for index tables. The field is either not set or is set to 0 for
hashed tables.
APPEND
sets SY-TABIX to the index of the last line of the table, that is, it contains
the overall number of entries in the table.
COLLECT
sets SY-TABIX to the index of the existing or inserted line in the table. If
the table has the type HASHED TABLE, SY-TABIX is set to 0.
LOOP AT
sets SY-TABIX to the index of the current line at the beginning of each loop
lass. At the end of the loop, SY-TABIX is reset to the value that it had before
entering the loop. It is set to 0 if the table has the type HASHED TABLE.
READ TABLE
sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line read. If you use a binary search,
and the system does not find a line, SY-TABIX contains the total number of
lines, or one more than the total number of lines. SY-INDEX is undefined if a
linear search fails to return an entry.
SEARCH
<itab> FOR sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line in which the
search string is found.
SY_INDEX -
In a DO or WHILE loop, SY-INDEX contains the number of loop passes including
the current pass.
Difference between UPLOAD and
WS_UPLOAD?
Ans. UPLOAD
- File transfer with dialog from presentation server file to internal table.
Data which is available in a file on the presentation server is transferred in
an internal table. ASCII & Binary files can be transferred.
WS_UPLOAD
- To read data from the presentation server into an internal table without a
user dialog, use the function module WS_UPLOAD. The most important parameters
are listed below.
|
Parameters |
Function |
|
CODEPAGE |
Only for
upload under DOS: Value IBM |
|
FILENAME |
Filename |
|
FILETYPE |
File
type |
Why did u switch to SAP?
What is a Logical Database?
Ans. Logical
Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make it available to
application programs.
Use of LDB
– is used to read data from database tables by linking them to executable ABAP
programs.
What are the events used for
Logical Database?
Ans
Two Events –
1)
GET - This is the most important event for executable programs that use a
logical database. It occurs when the logical database has read a line from the
node <table> and made it available to the program in the work area
declared using the statement NODES <table>. The depth to which the
logical database is read is determined by the GET statements
2)
PUT - The PUT statement directs the program flow according to the structure
of
the logical database.
What is the difference between Get
and Get Late?
Ans
GET - After the logical database has read an entry from the node <table>.
GET LATE -
After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed that are
below <table> in the database hierarchy.
What are the data types of Internal
Tables?
Ans
There are three types:
1)
Line
2)
Key
3)
Table
What are the events used in ABAP in
the order of execution?
Ans
Events are:
1.
INITIALIZATION
2.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN
3.
AT
4.
START-OF-SELECTION
5.
TOP-OF-PAGE
6.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE SELECTION
7.
END-OF-PAGE
8.
END-OF-SELECTION
9.
AT USER-COMMAND
10. AT
LINE-SELECTION
11. AT
PF<NN>
12. GET
13. GET
LATE.
14. AT
User Command
What are Interactive Reports?
Ans
An output list which displays just the basic details & allow user to
interact, so that a new list is populated based on user-selection. With
interactive list, the user can actively control data retrieval and display
during the session.
What are the commands used for
interactive reports?
Ans
Top-of-Page during line-selection
What are the system fields u have
worked with? Explain?
Ans
I had worked with the following (30) system fields:
1)
SY-DBSYS
- Central Database
2)
SY-HOST
- Server
3)
SY-OPSYS
- Operating System
4)
SY-SAPRL
- SAP Release
5)
SY-SYSID
- System Name
6)
SY-LANGU
- User Logon
Language
7)
SY-MANDT -
Client
8)
SY-UNAME
- Logon User Name
9)
SY-DATLO -
Local Date
10) SY-DATUM
- Server Date
11) SY-TIMLO
- Local Time
12) SY-UZEIT
- Server Time
13) SY-DYNNR
- Screen Number
14) SY-REPID
- Current ABAP
program
15) SY-TCODE
- Transaction Code
16) SY-ULINE
- Horizontal Line
17) SY-VLINE
- Vertical Line
18) SY-INDEX
- Number of current loop
Pass
19) SY-TABIX
- Current line of
internal table
20) SY-DBCNT
- Number of table
entries processed
21) SY-SUBRC
- Return Code
22) SY-UCOMM
- Function Code
23) SY-LINCT
- Page Length of
list
24) SY-LINNO
- Current Line
25) SY-PAGNO
- Current Page
Number
26) SY-LSIND
- Index of List
27) SY-MSGID
- Message Class
28) SY-MSGNO
- Message Number
29) SY-MSGTY
- Message Type
30) SY-SPONO
- Spool number
during printing
What is the difference between
Primary key and Unique Key?
Ans
Primary Key – It can accepts 0 value and cannot be NULL.
Unique Key – It can be NULL.
What is the transaction code for
Table maintenance?
Ans
SM30
If u are using Logical Databases
how will u modify the selection-screen elements?
Ans
Select-options : dname for deptt-dname.
What is an RFC?
Ans
Remote Function Call
If u are using RFC and passing
values to a remote system how does it work?
What are the events in Screen
Programming?
Ans
There are two events in Screen Programming:
PBO
(Process Before Output) – Before the screen is displayed, the PBO event is
processed.
PAI
(Process After Input) – When the user interacts with the screen, the PAI event
is processed.
POH
(Process On Help) - are triggered when the user requests field help (F1). You
can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the
end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
POV
(Process On Value) - are triggered when the user requests possible values help
(F4). You can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks.
At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
What is the significance of HIDE?
Ans
Its stores the click value and display the related record in the secondary
list.
Where do u code the HIDE statement?
Ans
In a
Types of BDC's?
Ans
There are two types of BDC’s:
1)
Transaction Method
2)
Session Method
Advantages & Disadvantages of
different types of BDC's?
Ans
Transaction Method:
1)
It is faster than session method.
2)
While executing, it starts from starting.
Session
Method:
1)
It is slower than transaction method.
2)
While executing, it does not start from starting.
What are the events used in
Interactive Reports.
Ans
There are three events of Interactive Reports:
II. At line-selection
III. At user-command
What is an RDBMS?
Ans
RDBMS – Relational Database Management System. It helps to create relationship
between two or more table.
What standards u use to follow
while coding ABAP programs?
What will you code in
START-OF-SELECTION & END-OF-SELECTON & why?
Ans
START-OF-SELECTION
SELECT *
FROM DEPTT INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITAB
WHERE
DEPTNO IN DEPTNO.
APPEND ITAB.
ENDSELECT.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE : / 10 ITAB-DEPTNO.
HIDE : ITAB-DEPTNO.
ENDLOOP.
END-OF-SELECTION
What are joins and different types
joins?
Ans
There are four types of Joins:
1)
Self Join
2)
Inner Join
3)
Outer Join
4)
Equi Join
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