SAP ABAP Interview Article
1) What is SAP R/3?
Ans. SAP R/3 refers to Systems Application and
Product for data processing Real-time having a 3 tier architecture i.e.
Presentation layer, Application layer and Database layer.
2) What are the programming
standards followed?
3) What are the contents in
technical specifications?
Ans. There are five contents in Technical Settings:
Data Class, Size Category, Buffering Permission, Buffering Type and Logging.
4) What is an instance?
Ans. When you call a function module, an instance
of its function group plus its data, is loaded into the memory area of the
internal session. An ABAP program can load several instances by calling
function modules from different function groups.
5) How to take care of performance
in ABAP Development?
6) What is Function group?
Difference between function group and function module?
Ans. Function
Groups act as containers for Function Modules that logically belong together.
Function Groups
1)
These cannot be defined in a Function Module.
2)
It cannot be called.
3)
They are containers for Function Module.
Function
Modules
1)
These must be defined in a Function Group.
2)
It can be called from any program.
3)
They are not containers for Function Group.
7) What is the difference between
'Select single * ' and 'Select upto 1 rows'?
Ans. Select single * The result of the
selection should be a single entry. If it is not possible to identify a unique
entry, the system uses the first line of the selection. For e.g.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM ZREKHA_EMP
INTO ITAB
WHERE
EMPNO = 00101 AND DEPTNO = 0010.
WRITE : / ITAB-EMPNO,
ITAB-EMPNAME,ITAB-DEPTNO.
Select upto 1 rows -
8) What Function does data
dictionary perform?
Ans. Central
information repository for application and system data. The ABAP Dictionary
contains data definitions (metadata) that allow you to describe all of the data
structures in the system (like tables, views, and data types) in one place.
This eliminates redundancy.
9) Difference between domain and
data element? What are aggregate object?
Ans. Domain - Specifies the technical attributes of
a data element - its data type, length, possible values, and appearance on the
screen. Each data element has an underlying domain. A single domain can be the
basis for several data elements. Domains are objects in the ABAP Dictionary.
Data Element - Describes the
business function of a table field. Its technical attributes are based on a
domain, and its business function is described by its field labels and
documentation.
Aggregate Object Views, Match
Code and Lock objects are called aggregate objects because they are formed from
several related table.
Ans. View - A view is a virtual table containing
fields from one or more tables. A virtual table that does not contain any data,
but instead provides an application-oriented view of one or more ABAP
Dictionary tables.
Different Types of View:
1)
Maintenance
2)
Database It is on more than two tables.
3)
Projection It is only on one table.
4)
Help
11) Can u print decimals in type
N? What is difference between float and packed data type?
Ans. No, we cannot print decimals in type N because
decimal places are not permitted with N
Float Data Type: It cannot
be declared in Parameters.
Packed Number: It can be
declared in Parameters. For e.g.
PARAMETERS : A(4) TYPE P
DECIMALS 2,
B(4) TYPE P DECIMALS 2.
DATA : C(4) TYPE P DECIMALS
2.
C = A + B.
WRITE : / THE SUM IS , C.
12) What is step-loop? Explain all
the steps?
Ans. A step loop is a repeated series of field-blocks
in a screen. Each block can contain one or more fields, and can extend over
more than one line on the screen.
Step
loops as structures in a screen do not have individual names. The screen can
contain more than one step-loop, but if so, you must program the
LOOP...ENDLOOPs in the flow logic accordingly. The ordering of the
TrAns action
TZ61 (development class SDWA) implements a step loop version of the table you
saw in Trans action TZ60.
Static
and Dynamic Step Loops
Step
loops fall into two classes: static and dynamic. Static step loops have a fixed
size that cannot be changed at runtime. Dynamic step loops are variable in
size. If the user re-sizes the window, the system automatically increases or
decreases the number of step loop blocks displayed. In any given screen, you
can define any number of static step loops, but only a single dynamic one.
You
specify the class for a step loop in the Screen Painter. Each loop in a screen
has the attributes Looptype (fixed=static, variable=dynamic) and Loopcount. If
a loop is fixed, the Loopcount tells the number of loop-blocks displayed for
the loop. This number can never change.
Programming
with static and dynamic step loops is essentially the same. You can use both
the
Looping
in a Step
When you
use LOOP AT <internal-table> with a step loop, the system automatically
displays the step loop with vertical scroll bars. The scroll bars, and the
updated (scrolled) table display, are managed by the system.
Use the
following additional parameters if desired:
FROM
<line1> and TO <line2>
CURSOR
<scroll-var>
13) What is the initial value and
maximum length of all data type?
Ans.
|
Data
Type |
Initial
field length |
Valid
field length |
Initial
value |
Meaning |
|
Numeric
types |
||||
|
I |
4 |
4 |
0 |
Integer
(whole number) |
|
F |
8 |
8 |
0 |
Floating
point number |
|
P |
8 |
1 16 |
0 |
Packed
number |
|
Character
types |
||||
|
C |
1 |
1
65535 |
'
' |
Text
field (alphanumeric characters) |
|
D |
8 |
8 |
'00000000' |
Date
field (Format: YYYYMMDD) |
|
N |
1 |
1
65535 |
'0
0' |
Numeric
text field (numeric characters) |
|
T |
6 |
6 |
'000000' |
Time
field (format: HHMMSS) |
|
Hexadecimal
type |
||||
|
X |
1 |
1
65535 |
X'0
0' |
Hexadecimal
field |
14) What are the ways
to find out the tables used in the program?
15) Can you have two detail lists
from the basic list at the same time?
16) What are the different
functions used in sap script? What are the parameters used in each Function?
Ans. There are three different functions used in
SAP Script:
1)
OPEN_FORM
2)
WRITE_FORM
3)
CLOSE_FORM
Parameters
in Each Function:
1)
OPEN_FORM
Exporting
Form
Language
2)
WRITE_FORM
Exporting
Element
Window
3)
CLOSE_FORM
17) What is sequence of event
triggered in report?
Ans. There are 6 events in report:
1)
Initialization
2)
At Selection-Screen
3)
Start-of-Selection
4)
Get
5)
Get Late
6)
End-of-Selection
7)
Top-of-Page
8)
End-of-Page
9)
At Line Selection
10)
At User Command
11)
At PF (nn)
18) What are standard layouts sets
in the SAP Script?
Ans. There are four standard layouts in the SAP
Script:
1)
Header
2)
Logo
3)
Main Window
4)
Footer
19) What function module upload
data from application server?
20) What are the various types of
selection screen event?
Ans. SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK ABC WITH FRAME
TITLE T01.
CALL SELECTION-SCREEN 500 STARTING AT 10 10.
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